The capacity for analog chips is expected to grow, but it is unlikely to be sufficient to meet the increased demand for chips in cars; therefore, the supply may tighten again around the end of 2023.

The automotive semiconductor supply tightness will likely ease in 2022 and in the first half of 2023. However, there is a risk of pressure points building up again at the end of 2023 or early 2024. According to IHS Markit's analysis, new concerns are emerging over the supply of analog chips. After microcontrollers (MCU) in 2021, analog chips are likely to become the main constraint for vehicle production for the next three years.

The two major chip categories that have been most affected by shortages are MCUs and analog chips. Earlier in 2021, MCUs received all the attention. The proprietary nature of MCUs made it virtually impossible to have dual sources of MCUs for an electronic control unit (ECU) because of software and pinout differences at a minimum. MCUs are manufactured on process nodes typically above 40 nanometers (nm), with some of them now starting to be processed at 28 nm. As memory and system-on-chips (SoCs) have captured more of the semiconductor market share, investment has been concentrated more on the advanced nodes to support growth in those areas and less has been focused on mature process nodes.

There is an ongoing trend toward centralization of the electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture, and it would result in a smaller number of MCUs per vehicle. However, migrating to new architectures and smaller process nodes is not beneficial for all types of chips. For example, demand for analog chips will continue to increase independently of new E/E architectures since they are an essential part of many vehicle systems. Hundreds of analog chips are required per car. All the following require analog chips: power management of every ECU and SoC, signal conditioning for sensors, bus transceivers for every ECU, drivers for each electric motor (up to 100 in luxury cars), LED lamps, displays, radar transceivers, high-end audio systems, and radio frequency (RF) front ends.

Now that the supply of MCUs is in a better shape, analog chip supply is emerging as an issue. Analog chips typically use mature chip processes, e.g., 90 nm to 300 nm. There are technical and commercial reasons why these will continue to be produced at mature progress nodes and not at leading-edge process nodes. Unfortunately, the demand for analog chips is also increasing for mobile phones—for the RF front-end, the sensor processing, the high-end audio, and the contactless payment, to name a few. Considering the growth in vehicle segments and propulsion mix, the average number of analog chips per car is expected to increase by 26% in 2023 compared with 2021. This growth can be mainly attributed to the ongoing electrification trend.

There is a front-end capacity deficit for mature process nodes as most of the investment goes toward more advanced nodes. According to our analysis, out of the total capital expenditure announced in 2021 and 2022, 86% is directed at advanced technologies requiring just a few chips in the car, while only 12% is for the mature process, which is used to produce more than 90% of the chips in the car. With the increase in demand for analog chips, irrespective of the change in E/E architectures, this imbalance in announced capital expenditure could cause future bottlenecks for analog chips and other legacy nodes.

Short-term outlook for light vehicle production

The expected shortage in analog chip supply will have a negative impact on light vehicle production. However, in an optimistic scenario, a decline in demand for analog chips by other industries could result in an improved foundry capacity allocation for the automotive industry. Under this scenario, it is also assumed that the output of analog fabs will continue to increase at a similar pace in the first quarter of 2022 through the third quarter of 2022 before slowing down. In such a scenario, analog chip production capacity added per quarter will peak by the fourth quarter of 2023.

Steady demand for analog chips from other industries could stabilize the capacity allocation for the automotive industry. This is considered a conservative scenario. This scenario also anticipates the output of analog fabs to increase at a normal pace from early 2022. The amount of analog production capacity added per quarter will flatten by second-quarter 2023. In the median scenario, the estimated year-on-year increase in analog chip production will be 18% in 2022 and 13% in 2023.

To analyze the impact on car production, this capacity is converted into the maximum number of cars that could be built in 2022 and 2023. This shows a potential ceiling for car production of around 24 million units per quarter from the third quarter of 2022 onward and a decline in car production from the end of 2023 to early 2024. Predominantly, this can be attributed to the expected growth in the number of chips per vehicle in the next few years. In comparison with 2021, the average number of analog chips per car is going to be much higher in 2023. The available extra capacity is insufficient to meet the fast increase of analog chips in cars, driven by ongoing trends such as electrification and a higher number of infotainment and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) features.

The semiconductor chip capacity will grow, but hardly fast enough to meet the increased demand for analog chips in cars. After MCUs in 2021, analog chips are likely to become the main constraint for vehicle production in the next three years. The number of analog chips per car increases faster than MCUs irrespective of propulsion type, sales segment, and E/E architecture. These analog chips are also in high demand in many other industries such as the smartphone and consumer electronics industries.

Current capital expenditure and capacity trajectory show that situations might improve for the automotive industry in 2022 and early 2023. A supply tightness may be formed toward the end of 2023 or early 2024. This is dependent upon several parameters, such as capacity growth for mature nodes, the analog fab capacity allocation for the automotive industry, and demand for analog chips by other industries. In the coming years, considering the efforts by various players in the automotive ecosystem, there could be more investments for the expansion of analog capacity to lift the potential ceiling for car production. Automakers are working on establishing better visibility to the semiconductor supply chain by forming more direct relationships with foundries. This could result in improved capacity allocation for the automotive industry and improved vehicle production capacity in 2023 and beyond.

Authors:
Jeremie Bouchaud - Director, Autonomy, E/E & Semiconductor, IHS Markit
Hrishikesh S - Research Analyst, Automotive, IHS Markit

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Toyota City, Japan, Jan 24, 2022 - (JCN Newswire) - The TOYOTA GAZOO Racing World Rally Team has completed a strong debut event for the new GR YARIS Rally1 with Sebastien Ogier claiming second overall and Kalle Rovanpera finishing fourth at Rallye Monte-Carlo.
Ogier had been on course to claim a record-extending ninth win on the famous event before a cruel late twist in the thrilling weekend-long battle for the victory, suffering a flat front-left tyre on the penultimate stage of the rally. The time lost turned his lead of 24.6 seconds into a deficit of 9.5s. Along with new co-driver Benjamin Veillas, Ogier gave his all in the final stage and, having been handed a 10-second penalty for a jump start, finished just 10.5s from the win.

Fourth was an impressive result for Rovanpera and his co-driver Jonne Halttunen, who made huge strides forward in pace and confidence in their new car from Saturday onwards. In all they claimed three stage wins, including on the rally-ending Power Stage. The five bonus points put Rovanpera third in the championship as the leading full-season contender, with Ogier to contest selected events this year after stepping away from full-time competition.

Elfyn Evans was also in the battle for the lead until he went off the road on Saturday's SS11 and lost 20 minutes. On the final day he set his sights on scoring bonus points in the Power Stage and completed a one-two in the stage for the GR YARIS Rally1.

All three of the team's drivers claimed stage wins over the weekend and the car was fastest on nine of the 17 stages. It demonstrated both impressive performance and reliability despite the challenges of the new Rally1 regulations, which included the introduction of hybrid power to rallying's top level for the first time. In Monaco to join the team and witness the GR YARIS Rally1's successful debut was Kazuki Nakajima, the recently-appointed Vice Chairman of TOYOTA GAZOO Racing Europe.

TGR WRC Challenge Program driver Takamoto Katsuta recorded his third consecutive Rallye Monte-Carlo finish in the top category and claimed eighth place overall, setting a pair of top-three stage times on the final day and scoring the first points for the newly-established TGR WRT Next Generation.

Quotes:

Akio Toyoda (Team Founder)
"It was so close for Seb to achieve his ninth victory in Rallye Monte-Carlo, but I was happy to see that the cooperation with his new co-driver, Benjamin, seemed to be working well. His driving feeling with our new partner, the GR YARIS Rally1, also seemed to be fairly good. This new partner is an electrified car following the new regulations to make this sport more sustainable. I assume it required delicate handling despite its strong power, but Seb quickly made friends with despite it being slightly difficult. I respect him for being able to make friends right away. Also, I would like to express my respect to the leadership of the FIA, WRC Promoter, and all others involved in the preparations as they have helped this historic and traditional World Rally Championship move toward the realisation of carbon-neutrality with electrified cars and new fuel.

Our other crews seemed to be struggling a bit with our new partner, but it was great that a TGR driver set the best time in all stages on Day 3. How well our crew and GR YARIS Rally1 cars are going to get along event by event is something new to look forward to this season, although I still feel something is missing when I see the rally cars leaving the service park quietly.

The base car of our rally car was Yaris until last year, and it changed to GR Yaris from this year. GR Yaris is a production sports car that we, Toyota, made by ourselves to win in motorsports. The car has finally started the real competition stage now. I'm so glad, and I would like to thank everyone who has worked together with me to build GR Yaris. I know that the members who built GR YARIS Rally1 from the GR Yaris also went through a lot of troubles and worked very hard. I have to sincerely thank all members in Finland led by Jari-Matti, and all members in Cologne. The season has just begun and I believe we can continue the good work together.

To the fans, I appreciate your continued support for TOYOTA GAZOO Racing World Rally Team this season. Thank you very much.

P.S.
To the fans and spectators who helped Elfyn and Takamoto on the stages. I watched the videos on social media. Thanks to your big help, two cars were able to continue the rally. Thank you so much!

Jari-Matti Latvala (Team Principal)
"For sure there is some disappointment in this moment because we were so close to winning, but this is motorsport sometimes and we have to accept it. The most important thing is that we know we have a car that is capable of winning and a car which is reliable and this gives us the strength to look to the future and the rest of the season. Seb did a really good job and unfortunately he just didn't have luck on his side today. Kalle has improved so much from the beginning of the rally and he did a really great Power Stage today. Elfyn also showed great performance here, just with a small mistake yesterday, but he also did a good drive in the Power Stage which helps us in the championship. I want to say congratulations to M-Sport and Ford, because it is nice to be competing at the front with them again, and also to Sebastien Loeb for an amazing achievement; it was an incredible battle this weekend that I know the fans really enjoyed."

Sebastien Ogier (Driver car 1)
"It has been a huge joy to compete in this special rally again and to be in this incredible fight. This weekend we don't come out as the winner but we can definitely keep our head up. Together with Benjamin and the team we did the job. We have done a great performance over the weekend and there were no issues on the car, which is a fantastic achievement. Fate decided differently today but I'm still smiling and I still enjoyed this fight very much. Honestly I feel there was nothing I could do about what happened on the penultimate stage. It was a cut I avoided on the first pass but on the second pass it was impossible to avoid, it was very dirty and I had to follow the line of the others. But well done to Sebastien and Isabelle for the victory, they have done a remarkable performance and it was a very tough fight. It's been a good weekend for the sport."

Elfyn Evans (Driver car 33)
"It's been an encouraging weekend in some ways but it's massively frustrating to make the error that was so costly yesterday. I had a good feeling in the car but that doesn't count for much because we finish the rally with very few points, which is a disappointment. I had a pretty good run in the Power Stage but maybe towards the end I didn't make the most of the hybrid system in the tricky conditions. Overall the team has done a really good job. We didn't have a lot of testing but I found a much happier place with the car during the event. I think it performed really well without any issues, so a big thank you to the team."

Kalle Rovanpera (Driver car 69)
"I am really happy to see the progress we made during the rally. I didn't really know what was happening at the beginning but we believed in ourselves, pushed hard and found a good pace in the car. We did everything we could and finally got the setup much better and I could start to learn the car myself. I have to say big thanks to my engineer for pushing with me and doing big changes to the car. So it was a really positive weekend in the end and we could do a good run in the Power Stage also. It's important to get all the points we can so it's nice to be in this position, even if it means we will be cleaning the road in Sweden. That's going to be a bit tricky but we will do our best to be ready for that."

For the latest results please visit www.wrc.com

What's next?
Rally Sweden (February 24-27) is the only full winter event of the season taking place on snow and ice. This year the event moves further north to a new base in Umea meaning all of the stages will be new to the drivers. Metal studs inserted into the tyres bite into the ice to provide grip and allow for some of the highest speeds of the year.


Copyright 2022 JCN Newswire. All rights reserved. www.jcnnewswire.comThe TOYOTA GAZOO Racing World Rally Team has completed a strong debut event for the new GR YARIS Rally1 with Sebastien Ogier claiming second overall and Kalle Rovanpera finishing fourth at Rallye Monte-Carlo.

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Paris, France, Jan 20, 2022 - (ACN Newswire) - Recently, CheckDot has announced the launch of its platfrom which will save the crypto industry. CheckDot is a platform where a large number of projects are listed and rated according to criteria such as age, social network verification, code quality, ease of finding information, transaction fees and many other features. Many services are publicly available right now, including the ability to request advice or perform audits on specific projects. Other services are under development, covering the entire blockchain sector.

In the speculative and disorderly world of crypto, one thing is for certain: there are lots of new projects. The crypto-currency industry will continue to grow at a rapid pace. There is no shortage of projects in the crypto-currency industry that make outlandish claims about how their project will go "to the moon".

It can be tricky trying to decide which projects are worth investing in. To make this choice, many crypto-currency enthusiasts turn to social media or the online community for opinions on various projects. Others choose to painstakingly read project white papers. Anyone with a basic understanding of blockchain technology and code can develop their own cryptocurrency. Not everyone who creates a new coin or token is doing it in good faith. Some developers create projects to steal the investor's money.

The overall problem in crypto is that no one is evaluating the validity and legitimacy of these new projects. However, a solution to this problem has emerged with CheckDot. CheckDot is a blockchain technology company that launched the first ever decentralized trust protocol in November 2021.

How CheckDot works

CheckDot performs the very important function of determining the value and legitimacy of cryptographic projects for the community. This includes smart contracts, NFTs, projects, etc. This is done anonymously to protect the privacy of users while providing access to information about certain projects.

CheckDot's mission is to help projects and companies improve trust by allowing people to anonymously validate and verify their value. Built on the Binance Smart Chain Network, CheckDot also acts as an opinion platform and collects information from several individuals on the blockchain. It then calculates and publishes this information on the official CheckDot website (www.checkdot.io). Crypto investors can see the objective evaluation and opinions about a project easily which makes doing your own research (DYOR) much quicker.

The bursting of the ICO bubble around 2018 and the many pump-and-dump projects that came and went eroded public confidence and led to a trust deficit in the market. With CheckDot, this lack of trust can be corrected.

Anyone wanting to participate in the CheckDot verification process will get rewarded and paid in CDT. CheckDot has compiled a list of many different blockchain activities: smart contract audits, KYC audits, NFT trust indexes, rare objects, anonymous forms, e-commerce pre-audit notifications, business audits, e-document audits and service trust analysis. Anyone who engages in any of these activities will receive a reward in the form of CDT tokens, CheckDot's own native token. Users are expected to hold a certain amount of CheckDot tokens and will receive more upon completion of these activities. Investors and individuals looking to participate in the verification process can purchase CDT on centralized and decentralized exchanges. More information about CheckDot can found on the official website www.checkdot.io

Make sure you protect your investment. Always look for the CheckDot score before investing in any crypto project.

Social Links:
Telegram: https://t.me/checkdot
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/checkdot_protocol
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/checkdot
Twitter: https://twitter.com/CheckdotProto

Media contact:
Company: CheckDot
Contact: Jeremy Guyet
E-mail: mail@checkdot.io
Website: https://checkdot.io/

SOURCE: CheckDot

Copyright 2022 ACN Newswire. All rights reserved. www.acnnewswire.com

Investors betting that El Salvador will default over the next five years have more than tripled credit swap prices since it adopted Bitcoin.

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