Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Quantum coupling between mechanical oscillators and atomic gases generating entanglement has been recently experimentally demonstrated using their subsequent interaction with light. The next step is to build a hybrid atom-mechanical quantum gate showing bosonic interference effects of single quanta in the atoms and oscillators. We propose an experimental test of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between single phononic excitation and single collective excitation of atoms using the optical connection between them. A single optical pulse is sufficient to build a hybrid quantum-nondemolition gate to observe the bunching of such different quanta. The output atomic-mechanical state exhibits a probability of a hybrid bunching effect that proves its nonclassical aspects. This proposal opens a feasible road to broadly test such advanced quantum bunching phenomena in a hybrid system with different specific couplings.
Popular summary
In our work, we study the HOM interference of excitations of disparate nature using a hybrid quantum nondemolition (QND) interaction between a mechanical oscillator and an atomic cloud. We show the HOM effect arising from single excitations in a light-atom, an optomechanical, and a hybrid atom-mechanical systems. That is, we show that not only the photons can bunch with each other, but also with material excitations such as phonons of mechanical oscillations and atomic polaritons. Moreover, the two latter can bunch with each other. Our result reveals two-quanta interference in these systems beyond the classical states. In order to propose an experimental test, we devise thresholds of coincidence probability attainable with classical states and confirm that the thresholds can be surpassed with feasible parameters of the state-of-the-art systems.
The Hong-Ou-Mandel interference test can be fruitful for the further development of hybrid quantum technologies with quantum non-Gaussian states and quantum technology with nonlocal gates.
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