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Gold Pegged Tokens: The Future of Gold?

Bitcoin, the cryptocurrency flagship, is often referred to as “digital gold” to indicate its utility as a store of value. However, rapid price swings...

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Anchor Protocol: DeFi’s Leading Saving Product

Anchor Protocol Review

In the past few years, DeFi applications have seen tremendous growth. At the start of the year 2021, the Total value locked (TVL) in DeFi applications was used to be around 18 billion dollars. Currently, TVL in DeFi applications is around 200 billion dollars, which is more than 10x of the TVL of January 2021. Total unique DeFi wallets are 4.3 million right now, more than 4x the unique DeFi wallets of January 2021.  Various DeFi applications provide financial services like lending & borrowing, trading, prediction markets, yield farming, etc. Still, there are only a few million DeFi users, and the Anchor protocol of Terra Ecosystem wants to change it. Team of Anchor Protocol believes that a saving product is required for the mass adoption of DeFi applications.  Anchor is a saving protocol that offers low-volatile yields on deposits of Terra Stablecoins. The Anchor interest rate is powered by staking rewards from Proof of Stake blockchains, and therefore more stable rates can be expected. Anchor Protocol makes a money market between a lender and a borrower.  Lenders can earn stable yields by depositing their Stablecoins while borrowers can borrow stablecoins on their stakeable assets. According to the protocol-defined borrowing ratio, borrowers can lock their bonded assets (bAssets) as collateral and borrow stablecoins. Currently, Bonded Luna (bluna) and Bonded ETH(bETH) are the only two bonded assets that can be put as collateral for borrowing stablecoins.  The stream of staking rewards comes from borrowers’ global pool of collateral. These staking rewards are converted into stablecoin, which are given to the lenders in stable yield.  Tokenomics of Anchor Anchor Protocol’s governance token is the Anchor Token (ANC). Users who have staked ANC tokens can propose new governance polls, which can be voted on by users who have staked ANC tokens.  ANC token is designed to increase its value linearly with Anchor’s assets under management, allowing it to capture a piece of the protocol’s yield. Anchor provides protocol fees to ANC stakeholders proportionally to their stake, benefiting stakeholders as adoption of Anchor grows. ANC stakeholders are driven to suggest, discuss, and vote for proposals that improve the protocol. ANC Value Accrual The buying pressure increases proportionally as ANC tokens grow in lockstep with Anchor’s Assets Under Management. Protocol fees are used to buy ANC tokens from Terraswap, which are then paid to ANC stakers as staking rewards.  Protocol Fees  ANC captures protocol fees created by Anchor, with 10% of the value flowing into the yield reserve being used for the value accrual of ANC tokens. bAsset rewards, excess yield, and collateral liquidation costs are used to fund Anchor’s protocol fees. basset rewards A portion of the rewards from deposited bAsset collaterals is used to buy ANC, with the rest going into the yield reserve. If the yield reserve’s inventory reaches a sufficient amount, governance can modify the ratio of bAsset rewards utilised for ANC purchases. Excess Yield Deposit rates higher than the target deposit rate are stored in the yield reserve, with a portion of it utilised to purchase ANC. The ANC tokens that have been purchased are subsequently given to ANC stakers. Collateral Liquidation Fees When a loan is liquidated, 1% of the liquidated collateral value is sent to the yield reserve, with a portion going into ANC purchases. This cost is not included in the bid premiums. Governance Fees ANC token deposits of Anchor governance polls that have failed to attain the needed quorum are then allocated to ANC stakers as staking rewards.   At the start of the Anchor Protocol, 150 million ANC tokens were released. Fifty million (33.3 percent) tokens were airdropped to LUNA stakers, with staked amounts snapshotted at block 2179600.  One hundred million tokens (66.7 percent) were set aside for the Anchor Community Fund. Final Token Distribution A total of 1,000,000,000 ANC tokens will be distributed over four years. No more new ANC tokens will be added to the supply once this quantity has been distributed. Various methods to earn money with Anchor:  Depositing UST is a simple way to earn money with Anchor. The protocol project itself as a savings product and provides a 20% annual percentage yield (APY) on deposit.  Users can borrow UST by putting their bAssets, i.e. Bonded Luna (bluna) and Bonded ETH(bETH), up as collateral.  Users can also buy and stake ANC to receive staking rewards and participate in governance.  You can also earn rewards while at the same time providing liquidity to exchanges by staking your LP tokens (ANC-UST LP). Conclusion Anchor is the leading DeFi protocol of Terra Ecosystem. Currently, 13 billion dollars worth of assets is deposited in the protocol. Its goal is to become a stable saving solution for DeFi users, providing passive income. Anchor has an easy to use interface, which will be helpful in onboarding millions of … Continued

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Cosmos Deep-Dive: The Internet of Blockchains

Cosmos Deep-Dive

Cosmos is a permissionless decentralized network of interoperable and independent blockchains that exchange tokens and information. Cosmos was established in order to overcome some of the problems that modern blockchains have. Scalability, governance, and usability are among these concerns. Blockchains can be separated into three conceptual layers from architecture:  Application layer: It updates the state of blockchain based on the execution of transactions.  Networking Layer: It is in charge of ensuring that transactions and consensus-related messages are propagated.  Consensus Layer: It allows nodes to agree on the system’s present state. The Cosmos is a decentralized network of autonomous, scalable, and interoperable blockchains powered by the Tendermint Core Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) consensus algorithm. Cosmos is all about the multi-chain world, seamlessly communicating data and tokens between numerous sovereign blockchains. This establishes a collaborative ecosystem because no project or blockchain in the ecosystem exists to compete with others; instead, Cosmos connects them all.  Features of Cosmos: Tendermint Core Cosmos SDK IBC Tendermint Core Tendermint BFT combines a blockchain’s networking layer and consensus layer into a generic engine, allowing developers to focus on the development of the application layer rather than the complicated underlying protocol. Tendermint saves hundreds of hours of development time as a result. Tendermint is also the name of the byzantine fault-tolerant consensus method employed by the Tendermint BFT engine. The Application Blockchain Interface connects the application layer of blockchains with the Tendermint BFT engine through a socket. Any programming language of your choice can be used to wrap the protocol, allowing developers to use whatever language best suits their needs. Cosmos SDK The Cosmos-SDK is an open-source framework for creating multi-asset public Proof-of-Stake (PoS) and Proof-of-Authority (PoA) blockchains, such as the Cosmos Hub. Application-specific blockchains are blockchains that have been created using the Cosmos SDK. The Cosmos SDK’s purpose is to simplify developers to build unique blockchains from the ground up that can natively interact with existing blockchains. IBC It’s a protocol that enables different blockchains to communicate with one another. Considering the legalities and constraints that needed to be met to make this communication process a reality was hard. IBC makes it easy to transfer tokens and other data in a trusted and frictionless manner. It opens up a world of possibilities allowing for interoperability and value transfer, without facing the scaling issues which can be seen today in many blockchains. How does IBC work? The logic behind IBC is very simple. Let us suppose, there is an account on chain X, and it wants to send 20 tokens (for eg. ATOM) to chain Y.  Tracking Chain Y receives the headers of chain X continuously and vice versa. This allows every chain to have the track record of the validator set of every other blockchain. For this purpose, each chain runs a light-client of the other. Proof Relay Proof that 20 ATOM tokens are bonded is sent from chain X to chain Y. Validation  The proof sent to chain Y is verified against chain X’s header and if the proof is found valid, then 20 ATOM vouchers are created on chain Y. Keep in mind that, ATOM tokens created on chain Y are not real, because real ATOM tokens still exist on chain X. Tokens present on chain Y are just a representation of ATOM on chain X, along with proof that these ATOM tokens are frozen on chain X. A similar process is followed to unlock the tokens when they return to their origin chain.  Tokenomics Use Cases of ATOM Token ATOM can be used in three ways: as a spam-prevention system, staking tokens, and voting method in governance.  ATOM is used to pay fees as a spam prevention method. Similar to Ethereum’s idea of gas, the fee might be proportionate to the amount of computation required by the transaction. Taking fees is necessary so that malicious actors don’t misuse the blockchain. ATOM can be staked to obtain tokens as rewards. The quantity of ATOM staked determines the Cosmos Hub’s economic security. The more collateralized ATOM there are, the more skin is at stake and the cost of attacking the network rises. As a result, the more ATOM are staked, the better will be the economic security, Governance: ATOM holders can also govern the Cosmos Hub by voting on proposals with their staked ATOM. Initial Token Distribution of Cosmos(ATOM) The Interchain Foundation held multiple private investment rounds, and a public fundraising event on April 6, 2017.  According to the Interchain Foundation, private Contributors, Public Contributors, All in Bits Inc (AiB), and the Interchain Foundation were the recipients of these newly created ATOMs.  In exchange for a $1,329,472.3 donation, strategic and early adopters received 7.1 percent of the first supply or 16,856,718.97 ATOMs. In exchange for $300,000, the seed contributors received 5% of the initial supply or 11,809,947.91 … Continued

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Curve Protocol : Leading DEX for Stablecoins

Curve Protocol : Leading DEX for Stablecoins

USDC, USDT, BUSD, PAX, TrueUSD, and DAI are all examples of stablecoins that have recently gained popularity. They have an issue with price stability and liquidity (particularly decentralized stablecoins). When MakerDAO reduced its stability charge to 5.5 percent, many customers of Compound (which had an interest rate of 11 percent at the time) decided to stay because they had taken out a loan in DAI and changing DAI to USDC is a costly procedure.  At the same time, many DeFi users are eager to lend their stablecoins in exchange for a 5% APR, which is far higher than what traditional banking gives. Users would be hesitant to provide the same money to trading firms that guarantee profits. Curve Finance addresses the issue of lack of liquidity while trading Stablecoins and high costs.  Introduction Curve Finance uses liquidity pools and bonding curves to enable high-efficiency stablecoin trading and low-risk rewards for liquidity providers. When trading from one stablecoin to another on Curve, customers are not vulnerable to the price slippage on DEXs. Curve, unlike Uniswap, lends assets on Compound when they aren’t being traded and pays liquidity providers interest on those loans. Curve was created as an alternative to trading stablecoins on general-purpose DEXes like Uniswap, which have algorithms that aren’t designed for such transactions. Curve’s debut resulted in increased liquidity and more competitive prices for stablecoins. As interest rates in money markets changed, DeFi lenders might quickly and efficiently switch from  USDT to USDC or USDC to DAI etc. Curve is an Ethereum-based exchange liquidity pool. The Curve is built for incredibly efficient stablecoin trading and low-risk trading fees go to liquidity providers and veCRV holders. Curve currently offers over 40 distinct official liquidity pools, with the tricrypto2 (USDT / wBTC / WETH) and 3pool (DAI / USDC / USDT) being two of the most popular. However, it’s worth noting that pegged asset trading is still a big part of the market. CRV Token CRV is the Curve protocol’s governance token. It is primarily utilized to incentivize liquidity to the platform. The rise in capital benefits Curve users because it gives more trading liquidity and decreases slippage for end-users. Voting, staking, and raising rewards can be gained by using the CRV token. Users can participate in the community and can introduce or vote on proposals.  Depositors can obtain 50% of all trading fees generated by the protocol by staking their CRV tokens. Liquidity Providers can use boosting to increase their CRV awards by up to 2.5x. To access all of these features, token owners must lock their CRV in Curve for vote-escrowed CRV (veCRV) in exchange. The longer the CRV is locked in Curve, the more veCRV you received. For example, 1,000 CRV locked for a year produces 250 veCRV, but the exact amount locked for four years produces 1,000 veCRV. As a result, the longer the lock-up period, the greater the user’s voting power and incentives. This ensures that token holders are invested in the protocol’s long-term success. Curve Token Distribution The following groups received CRV tokens as part of the initial token distribution: 61% to pre-CRV liquidity providers with a one-year vesting period; 30% to shareholders (founders and investors) with a 2-4-year vesting period; 3% to team members with a two-year vesting period; and 5% to the community reserve. The remaining 57 % of the overall maximum supply will be given in stages to future liquidity providers as incentives. Despite the original supply of 1.3 billion, the effective circulating quantity of CRV was zero at launch, due to vesting schedules. Based on this timeline, the inflation of released CRV is expected to be large in the next few years. Only 11.2 percent of the supply is in circulation as of March 10, but that number is expected to rise to 3.37 billion in five years. How to Trade on Curve DEX? Similar to most DeFi applications, you have to allow Curve protocol on your wallet to interact with your DAI or USDC balance before you can trade. Select the asset you’d want to convert (for example, USDC) and the amount (for example, 1,000) on the exchange; the exchange rate and quantity you’ll receive (including all slippage and costs) will be displayed. Curve’s value is in its ability to surprise you with its exchange rate.  Fees Currently, all pools have a 0.04 percent fee, 50% of which goes entirely to liquidity providers and 50% to veCRV holders. There is no charge for administration. DAO members have power to determine fees and pool specifications. What are Liquidity Pools? Liquidity pools are a type of smart contract that contains a pool of tokens. If you were to make a pool of DAI and USDC, one DAI would equal one USDC. You would have the same number of tokens in the pool, … Continued

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What Are Initial Coin Offering (ICO)?

Initial Coin Offering

A type of fundraiser in which a company sells a new cryptocurrency is known as an initial coin offering (ICO). In exchange for their financial contributions, investors receive cryptocurrency. In many ways, an ICO is the cryptocurrency equivalent of a stock exchange initial public offering (IPO) While ICOs have the potential to make a lot of money, their lack of regulation makes them extremely dangerous. ICOs are a quick and efficient way for start-ups to raise capital. If you can figure out which cryptocurrency is a good investment, you can make a lot of money. What if you had an idea for a new cryptocurrency system that you could fundraise for without giving up any ownership in your business? Let’s call it DenCoin for the time being. The only issue is that you need people’s money to create the currency. Then there comes the initial coin offering. Here’s how it works. You create a document outlining exactly how the system would function (typically referred to as a white paper), design a nice website, and explain why it’s a great idea that could be very useful. Then you ask people to send you money (usually Bitcoin or Ether, but you can also accept fiat) in exchange for DenCoin – they hope that DenCoin will be widely used and in high circulation, increasing the currency’s value. How do initial coin offerings (ICOs) work? When a company decides to hold an ICO, the date, rules, and purchasing procedure are announced ahead of time. Typically, the purchasing process entails sending funds to a specific cryptocurrency wallet address. To receive the cryptocurrency that they have purchased, investors must provide their own recipient address. The majority of ICOs require investors to pay with another cryptocurrency, the most popular of which are Bitcoin and Ether. Sometimes projects announce themselves on the Bitcoin talk forum under the altcoins section. From there on, they dissipate the information regarding the ICO and lure the attention of early investors. The number of tokens sold and the token price during an ICO can be fixed or variable. Here are a few examples of how this can be accomplished: A fixed number of tokens and a fixed price: Both of these are determined in advance by the company, for example, by offering one million tokens at a price of $1 per token. There are a limited number of tokens available at a variable price: Based on the amount of money received, the company sells a fixed number of tokens at a fixed price. More funding results in a higher token price. If one million tokens are sold and $2 million is raised, each token will cost $2. A fixed price and a variable number of tokens: The company establishes a fixed price but does not limit the number of tokens sold. Assume a company sells tokens at $0.50 each until the ICO is over. Anyone can launch an initial coin offering (ICO). Because of the low barrier to entry, this process is used to launch a large number of new types of cryptocurrency. The History and Evolution of Initial Coin Offerings MaterCoin was the first initial coin offering (ICO) in the cryptocurrency space, held in August 2013. They ended up collecting $600,000 USD in bitcoins after announcing themselves on the Bitcoin form. Ether became the second ICO in this space in June 2014. At the time, it received 31.5K BTC (bitcoins) in exchange for Ether (ETH). How to start your own ICO? There is a lot more that goes into the ICO process in order to successfully raise funds. The most important aspect is to have a cryptocurrency project that people want to support. You should also consider how the cryptocurrency you launch will fit into the larger scheme of things. A whitepaper outlining your project, roadmap, and short- and long-term objectives. Conduct market research on other ICOs on a website before launching a social media marketing campaign to establish a social media presence. Challenges of ICOs Some ICOs are done solely for the purpose of luring money from investors, which is then dumped into major coins like BTC/ETH to make profits for themselves. Many ICOs operate in very shady or non-transparent ways. If you can keep yourself updated and assess an ICO properly, you can certainly get a piece of such gem pies. Which is better: IPO or ICO? The primary distinction between ICOs and initial public offerings (IPOs) is that IPOs involve the sale of securities and are subject to much stricter regulations. To conduct an IPO, a company must file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and obtain its approval. A prospectus containing financial statements and potential risk factors should be included with the registration statement. An initial coin offering (ICO) is the sale of a cryptocurrency rather … Continued

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What is Cold Storage in Crypto?

What Is Cold Storage In Crypto?

Cryptocurrency has grown in popularity in recent years. Bitcoin is the most well-known, valuable, and well-established virtual currency. For a variety of reasons, cryptocurrency is preferred over traditional currencies. They are easy to use, with low fees, no government regulations, and complete control.  Cryptocurrencies are a popular and decentralized option, but they also pose a security risk. It is the responsibility of the owner to keep them secure. A new generation of software has emerged that looks for the digital wallet where virtual currencies are kept. If your cryptocurrency is lost or stolen, there is no one to contact.  Many crypto enthusiasts who are concerned about security have turned to cold storage to keep their coins safe.It is widely used by major cryptocurrency exchanges as well as some of the most successful companies operating in the space behind the best cryptocurrency stocks. What is cold storage in Cryptocurrencies? When cryptocurrency is not in use, it is kept in cold storage. Every cryptocurrency wallet, whether it is for Bitcoin or another cryptocurrency, has a private and public key. Cold storage helps to protect your crypto assets against hacker and malware attacks.  If a thief attempts to steal the hardware, you can prevent him from gaining access to your funds by creating a PIN code. You can even get your money back by entering a backup code or recovery phrase. Here’s an example:  Bitcoin typically allows for instant withdrawals. To reduce the risk of an intruder stealing the entire reserve and breaching security, the operator keeps the bitcoin reserved in cold storage, which means that it is not present on the webserver or computer. As a result, the operator only keeps a limited amount or the desired amount on the webserver. Advantages of Cold Storage:  It is an excellent location for storing large amounts of coins for an extended period of time. It can keep money away from the webserver, keeping it safe. Disadvantages of cold storage: There is a chance of external damage as a result of carelessness, but it is recoverable if you have a recovery seed. For beginners, setting this up can be a daunting task. When compared to an online exchange, this is not ideal for quick and daily transactions. Best Cryptocurrency Cold Storage Options The following are some of the most popular cold storage options: 1. Hardware Wallets for Cryptocurrency (safest) A hardware wallet is an electronic device that uses private keys that are stored offline to sign transactions. It also allows you to recover your funds if the device is damaged or lost by using a backup seed key. Hardware wallets are the most secure cold storage option for cryptocurrencies, but they are not cheap. 2. Paper Wallet Paper wallets are an offline way of saving cryptocurrencies. It involves printing the public and private keys on a piece of paper. These printed keys are in the form of QR codes. Every time you need to make a transaction or exchange, you can do so by scanning the code. Since you are storing the keys with you away from the web server, there is the least possibility of it being stolen. It is imperative to note here, that paper wallets are not well-suited for transmitting funds partially. For transferring or spending partial funds, the private key of your paper wallet shall have to be imported into a desktop wallet. Some paper wallet providers offer tamper-proof designs to increase security. Paper wallets are completely safe from malware, viruses, and hacks due to their offline nature. After setting up the paper wallet, you need to ensure that the website code can be run in offline mode. Once the paper has been printed, you can place it in a sealed plastic folder, laminate it, or store it safely in a bank vault. 3. Cryptocurrency Storage on a USB Drive One of the simplest ways to cold store your coins is to use a USB drive as a cold wallet. You can use this to export and save your private keys to a USB drive. However, this option has drawbacks, as anyone with access to your USB could gain access to your crypto coins. 4. Desktop Wallets  Desktop wallets are clients that can only be accessed through your computer. In an offline environment, they can be used to export files containing encrypted private keys. The private keys are stored offline on your machine in these pieces of software. However, you are online while receiving or sending funds through them. Digital (hot) wallet vs. cold storage wallet A digital wallet, also known as a hot wallet, is another type of crypto storage that is connected to the internet. Here are some key differences between cold and hot wallets: Security: Cold wallets are more secure than hot wallets. Although hot wallets can provide … Continued

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Polkadot vs. Cosmos-Which One is Better?

Polkadot vs. Cosmos-Which One is Better?

Cosmos is the blockchain protocol that creates a new web in the ecosystem. It has some similarities to Ethereum with its Turing-complete clever contract language. It focuses on building decentralized applications, but it also aims to be a platform for business collaboration with faster transactions, cheaper fees, and less energy consumption. The proposed governing system is called the ‘Polkadot network’, consisting of various layers and benefits from native interoperability with other blockchains. What is Polkadot and Cosmos? Cosmos is the blockchain protocol that creates a new web in the ecosystem. The proposed governing system is called the ‘Polkadot network,’ consisting of various layers and benefits from native interoperability with other blockchains. It has some similarities to Ethereum with its Turing-complete imaginative contract language. It focuses on building decentralized applications, but it also aims to be a platform for business collaboration with faster transactions, cheaper fees, and less energy consumption. Why do you need them? The idea behind Polkadot is that the blockchain ecosystem is becoming a cluttered jungle of systems, which in turn creates severe obstacles to interoperability for various projects. The Polkadot (or ‘parachain’) project proposes to solve this problem by creating a hub that can merge and reconcile different blockchains, providing a better way of token exchange. Instead of asking each blockchain to develop its memorable currency exchange and complex mechanism for data transfer between blockchains, the developers are trying to create an alternative blockchain that will act as a standard hub and allow seamless exchange between all the other existing chains. An overview of their differences: ​1. Differences in the protocol: Cosmos uses Tendermint as its primary consensus protocol, where the entire network of validators can change depending on which block gets added and validated. This allows for a more flexible network that is also self-healing in the case of a power outage or other issues with the underlying hardware. 2. Differences in idea: Cosmos is quite similar to Ethereum as it also focuses on fast transactions, smart contracts, and developing decentralized apps. The Polkadot developers want to provide a system for all blockchains to use, while Ethereum is more focused on building more sophisticated decentralized applications. 3. goal differences: Cosmos plans to create a platform that will allow businesses and other parties to collaborate freely. At the same time, Ethereum aims to create a platform for blue-chip companies and other large corporations who want an utterly autonomous blockchain with no outside influence. 4. Differences in the technology: Cosmos uses Tendermint as its primary consensus protocol, where the entire network of validators can change depending on which block gets added and validated. This allows for a more flexible network that is also self-healing in the case of a power outage or other issues with the underlying hardware.  Final verdict The developers of Polkadot are trying to create a platform for all blockchains, making it possible for them to merge and reduce their number. In turn, the Cosmos creators are trying to provide a protocol that would allow blockchain systems to communicate and collaborate. Both projects have their own goals and problems, so they’re pretty different.  As we can see, both of them are trying to achieve the same goals and solve the same problems, but they are also different in terms of technology, target audience, governance layer, and governance model. ​One thing is for sure: blockchain technology has already achieved a significant degree of maturity and provided many opportunities for businesses worldwide. 

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What is Sandbox: A Beginner’s Guide to the Sandbox Metaverse

SANDBOX METAVERSE GUIDE

Virtual worlds are no longer just for entertainment and they have become valuable real estate in their own right as a result of people’s willingness to invest time and money in them. It is irrelevant whether these goods and spaces are digital or not, whether they are virtual or real- they are valuable because they are created by people who care about them. Minecraft is one of the first games with no goals or rules, and the game is open for players to build and explore at their leisure. This is referred to as a “sandbox game”, and these games are designed in the sandbox style, allowing children to build whatever they want. What is the Sandbox? The Sandbox is a virtual world in which players can create, own, and monetize their own gaming experience. The platform is based on the Ethereum Blockchain Network and includes an in-house governance and utility token known as SAND. In-game items will be tokenized as non-fungible tokens, making them freely tradable on marketplaces. The Sandbox’s virtual world is divided into 166,464 lands. These lands are the metaverse spaces where players can create and monetize games. Land and estates can be combined to form districts, and districts can be combined to form estates. The project was launched in 2018 and is still in the early stages of adoption and development. The Sandbox’s three main components are Vox Edit, the Marketplace, and the game itself. Let’s take a closer look at the Sandbox’s components. 1. Vox Edit: VoxEdit is a 3D voxel modeling software that enables artists to create and animate 3D objects such as people, animals, tools, and so on. These in-game assets can be used in the game by the artists or sold on the market. 2. Marketplace: Users of the Sandbox project will be able to sell their creations in VoxEdit in the form of non-fungible tokens (available in ERC-721 standards). This will provide creators with an open market to monetize their creations. 3. The Sandbox Game Land: The virtual world of Sandbox is divided into several lands. After purchasing land, a user can use it to create a game and place their in-game assets. Users can use assets to decorate their land and incorporate gameplay features by assigning predefined behaviors to the assets. This can transform a piece of land into a full-fledged game. 4. The SandBox Avatar: An Avatar is an in-game virtual reality representation of a player that can be customized to suit the needs of Sandbox players. Users can try different outfits, hairstyles, and colors to get a unique look. They can also boost the attributes of their avatar with various items available in the marketplace. 5. SAND Token: Sand is the in-house utility and governance token of the Sandbox ecosystem and can be staked on a specific piece of land. As a staker, you will receive a few gems and catalysts as a staking reward, which can be used on the platform or sold on the marketplace. By 2023, the platform’s ecosystem will be converted into a DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization). 6. Land and Lands Map: Lands are physical spaces in the metaverse owned by players to create and monetize games and can be rented to game creators. Anyone who purchases a piece of land will be granted a LANDS token, which is an ERC 721 (Non-Fungible Token standard) token. There are a total of 166,464 land areas that can be purchased and 58% of the land has already been sold on the platform. Revenue Model of The Sandbox platform The Sandbox team has identified the following five revenue streams that would help in managing and growing the platform: 1. Advertising Revenue  Businesses will be able to advertise their products or services on the Sandbox platform, and the platform will charge a fee for these services. 2. Company NFT Sales  In addition to the NFTs created by the individual artists, the company also has its own in-house NFT to be sold in the marketplace. 3. LAND sales  Sandbox has been selling the LAND pieces in auctions, which has generated revenue for the platform. 4. Player Subscription and Services  The company would make money from players by charging them subscription fees and other service fees in order to give them access to exclusive in-game features and premium assets. 5. Transaction Fee  The Sandbox would charge a 5% transaction fee on every transaction on the platform. As a result, as the platform grows in popularity, transaction fees will become the primary source of revenue. Partnerships The Sandbox has several renowned partners, such as: Atari Axie Infinity Binance CryptoKitties Dapp Harmony Network Kyber Network Polygon Network Conclusion The Sandbox is a new virtual world that aims to replicate the success of Minecraft in the gaming industry and monetize the whole gaming … Continued

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Solana Review: High-Speed Layer 1 Blockchain

Solana Review: High-Speed Layer 1 Blockchain

A centralized database on a standard gigabit network can execute 710,000 transactions per second when transactions are no more than 176 bytes size on average. Without compromising decentralization, it is challenging for a blockchain to have such a high-speed transaction capacity. Solana has accomplished an impressive transaction per second capacity without compromising decentralization much. It is an open-source project that is a new permissionless and high-performance blockchain. The Solana Foundation manages the open-source project, situated in Geneva, Switzerland. It is the high-speed layer one blockchain, with a max capacity of 65,000 transactions per second. It has a transaction finality of around 13 seconds. How does Solana work? Proof of Stake (PoS) and Proof of History (PoH) are used by Solana Network to process its transactions efficiently with high speed. PoH is a simple method for validating all the transactions without communicating with other nodes. PoS is also used for validating transactions, for this, you have to stake your token. PoH is based on a simple method. It assigns a leader position randomly to a particular node after every new block creation. Any node which is the leader node must generate the whole proof of history statement. After being given the responsibility, the leader node coordinates with other nodes to construct a proof of history statement. The leader node also pushes the currently executed transactions, and then it publishes the transactions with verifiers in their final nodes. Verifiers repeat the process again to verify transactions. Verifiers also make copies of transactions and make them public. There is only one leader node in each Solana network at a time. The verifier node performs intelligently and has the same capabilities as a leader node; however, the verifier node can subsequently be elected as a leader through proof of stake elections. Compared to Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchain networks, a combination of PoH and PoS works well for Solana, allowing it to process data at a cheap cost. Solana’s high-speed blockchain is built using eight major technologies mentioned below: Proof of History: a clock before consensus. Tower Byzantine Fault Tolerance: a PoH-optimized version of PBFT. Turbine: a block propagation protocol. Gulfstream: a Mempool-less transaction forwarding protocol. Sealevel: the world’s first parallel smart contracts run-time. Pipelining: a transaction processing unit for validation. Cloudbreak: a horizontally-scaled accounts database. Archivers: Provide distributed ledger storage. Key characteristics of Solana:  Proof of History: For authorizing and restricting entries on its ledger, Bitcoin and Ethereum’s blockchain networks use a Proof of Work technique (proof of work means that every node on the blockchain network must reach consensus before every new entry). Proof of Work (PoW) is a complicated method that slows down the speed of transactions.  To address the drawbacks of the PoW system, Proof of History (PoH) was developed. Proof of history simply means that a new block can be added to the blockchain network without the need for mutual consent of other nodes. Every node in Solana has its clock and makes choices without consulting the others. Proof of History improves transaction speed while simultaneously ensuring an efficient blockchain network and recording all transactions.     Tower Byzantine Fault Tolerance: The BFT system functions as a safety net for the whole Solana ecosystem. It ensures that a single node failure does not disrupt the entire operation of the system. This approach enables the nodes to work even in case of multiple failures. Gulfstream: Gulfstream is a system that eliminates memepool requirements. Memepool can be viewed as a holding area where all unprocessed transactions await their turn. Solana’s network can handle a memory pool with a capacity of 1,00,00 transactions.   Validators are present in every blockchain ecosystem (validators select transactions and add them to the blockchain network). Solana’s network sends the transactions to its validators even before a new transaction is added. Validators empty the memepool region simultaneously, ensuring no ‘unconfirmed transactions’ in the Solana ecosystem. Sealevel: Solana allows for the simultaneous execution of numerous smart contracts. Solana becomes a time-saving and cost-effective blockchain network as a result of this. Sea level is the technology that allows Solana to run many smart contracts simultaneously. Cloudbreak: Solana uses a horizontal scaling method, which allows the blockchain to expand its scalability. Cloudbreak manages a database that can read and write transaction input data. It is also in charge of bridging the gap between hardware and software.  Pipeline: Most tasks in Solana’s ecosystem are separated for processing transactions quickly. Solana distributes the input data throughout the various hardware components of the network. It is a procedure that quickly checks the information blocks using various devices. Turbine: Solana splits various blockchain nodes into smaller packets. It helps in increasing the transaction speed of the network. Smaller data packets can be evaluated more quickly, which aids Solana in addressing bandwidth difficulties. Two main ways which make Solana … Continued

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All you Should Know About Cryptocurrency Arbitrage

All you Should Know About Cryptocurrency Arbitrage

Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum are traded on hundreds of various exchanges globally, and the price of a cryptocurrency on one exchange may differ from that on another exchange. Cryptocurrency arbitrage is a method in which traders purchase a cryptocurrency on one exchange and quickly sell that cryptocurrency for a higher price on another exchange.  This is where the old Wall Street tactic of ‘arbitrage’ comes into play. ‘Capturing the arb’ refers to profiting from the fact that an asset is selling for a low price in one exchange but a greater price in another. Traders use crypto arbitrage to take advantage of cryptocurrency’s lower price on one exchange by buying and selling it instantly for a higher price on another exchange.  Why are the Prices of Cryptocurrencies on Crypto Exchanges so Different? Centralized Exchanges The first thing to understand is that cryptocurrency pricing on centralized exchanges is determined by the order book’s most recent bid-ask matched order. So, the most recent price at which a trader buys or sells a digital asset on an exchange is termed the exchange’s real-time price. For example, if the most recently matched market order on an exchange is to buy bitcoin for $40,000, this price becomes the platform’s newest bitcoin price. The next matching order will determine the cryptocurrency price after that. Therefore, price discovery on exchanges is a constant process of deciding a cryptocurrency market price based on its most recent selling price. Decentralized Exchanges On the other hand, decentralized crypto exchanges utilize a different approach to price crypto assets. This is referred to as an ‘Automatic Market Maker’ approach since it relies on crypto arbitrage traders to keep prices consistent across exchanges. Decentral exchanges use liquidity pools rather than using an order book system to match buyers and sellers to trade cryptocurrencies at a specific price and volume. A separate pool must be set up for each cryptocurrency trading pair. What Are Different Types of Cryptocurrency Arbitrages? The most popular cryptocurrency arbitrage techniques used by crypto traders are discussed below: Deterministic Arbitrage This is the most common arbitrage technique. It entails traders purchasing and selling a digital asset on two exchanges at the same time to profit from market inefficiencies. The trader finds arbitrage opportunities on two different exchanges, buys the asset on the lower-priced platform, then sells the asset at a higher price on the higher-priced platform. Triangular Arbitrage It is also possible to profit from the uncorrelated pricing of three cryptocurrency pairs on an exchange, particularly if one of the cryptocurrencies is underpriced on the platform at the time. A trader may, for example, exchange BTC for ETH, convert ETH to SOL, and then trade SOL back to BTC. To summarise, this procedure entails shifting funds between BTC/ETH, ETH/SOL, and SOL/BTC combinations to accumulate more BTC. Decentralized Arbitration Traders use this approach to perform arbitrage trades on decentralized exchanges (DEXs) like Uniswap, Balancer, and Curve. Arbitrageurs can buy and sell pooled digital assets undervalued or overvalued on these various DEX platforms. These activities inevitably lead to price uniformity across Dexes like centralized crypto exchanges.   Statistical Arbitrage   This entails leveraging quantitative data models and algorithms to profit from large-scale arbitrage possibilities. Because the process is automated, an arbitrageur can make hundreds of deals in a matter of minutes, significantly increasing his or her profit potential.    Risks involved in Cryptocurrency Arbitrage  Losses   To be successful in crypto arbitrage, traders must execute trades fast so that they can profit from cryptocurrency price disparities across exchanges while they are still profitable.   A trader must be careful not to boost the buying price and decrease the selling price of a token by their own trades, especially in the thinly traded types of crypto that provide the widest spreads. Volume All crypto exchanges work similarly, and the pricing of crypto depends on the exchange’s most recent trade. It is important to remember that all trades are not made equal. Some trades happen with massive amounts of money, while others don’t trade with larger amounts. The trading volume on each influences the liquidity and accessible prices on a given exchange. Low volume could indicate that the exchange cannot execute a large enough trade to generate an investor’s profit. Low volume could also indicate that the trade is doable but will take too long to execute. Costs of Transactions Simultaneously, traders must watch the transaction fees associated with buying cryptocurrencies on different trading platforms. These fees will continue to fluctuate as the cryptocurrency markets develop, changing from exchange to exchange. Hacks & Fraud The cryptocurrency industry is mainly unregulated. There are also more chances of hacking, fraud, and monetary collapse. As a result, storing cryptocurrency safely is a hot topic among investors.

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Crypto Exchange Bit.com Will List LEASH and Bone on Spot Market

LEASH and Bone

Bit.com, one of the leading high-performing crypto exchanges, has announced to list LEASH and BONE on its spot market. From February 10, 2022at noon (UTC) platform will support the deposit and withdrawal of the two listed tokens. LEASH/USDT and BONE/USDT trading pairs will be available simultaneously on bit.com.  LEASH and BONE are part of the Shiba Inu ecosystem In 2021, Shibu Inu “barked” the most, becoming the dog-themed crypto’s alpha. Shiba INU (SHIB), Leash (Leash), and Bone (Bone) are the three tokens that make up the Shiba Inu ecosystem (BONE). The Shiba Inu ecosystem’s most significant component is the SHIB token. LEASH and BONE are part of the Shiba Inu ecosystem, one of the most popular meme coins. LEASH, also known as “Doge Killer,” is designed to incentivize liquidity providers (LPs). Created initially as a rebase token (stablecoin), it is now “released” from any underpinning asset. BONE is touted as the potential governance DAO token for Shiba Inu’s community, the very aptly named ShibaArmy.  “It may seem bizarre to many serious investors how meme tokens can easily grab the spotlight in crypto space. However, I would argue that these meme tokens explored another frontier of community movement, amassed by collective fondness, developed by community creativity, and contributed to by borderless participants. All of whom are utterly spontaneous and full of surprises.” noted Toya Zhang, Chief Marketing Officer of bit.com.  Bit.com to Launch Crypto Economy’s First Bitcoin Cash Options Market Bit.com, a Matrixport derivatives exchange, had announced the launch of the first bitcoin cash perpetual swaps and options on January 21. According to the exchange, there were no options market for bitcoin cash before the product’s launch, and the company feels there is an opportunity for improvement in this area of crypto derivatives. Bit.com is a full-service cryptocurrency exchange founded by Matrixport, a Singapore-based integrated financial services organization. Bit.com has been operating since August 2020, covering BTC, ETH, and BCH endless futures and options products, with a particular focus on being the first to launch BCH options. Bit.com is the second-largest trader in the BTC and ETH options market in terms of volume.

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Role of Metamall for Experiencing the Metaverse

Metamall

There is no denying that the Metaverse is the next great leap in the evolution of the internet. The metaverse is a universe of connected digital avatars and endless possibilities of virtual environments. Human interaction, which is the basis of all business and social ventures, will be elevated to an augmented form where safety, security, and trust will be ensured by the structure of the technology. Metamall is becoming a vital source of experiencing metaverse by using VR, AR, and blockchain technology. This article is also based on the role of metamall in experiencing the metaverse.  In this virtual world, status can be determined by how sophisticated your character’s representation on the network seems to other users in terms of features they have available for their own personas at any given time – Imagine if everyone had an amazing high – quality version that never struggled with performance issues! Metamall – The Future Metamall is the virtual version of the all-encompassing zone in the Metaverse. A wise, immersive, experiential shopping and social interaction spot that uses VR, AR, and blockchain technology as its foundation.   Metamall – Enhance the Sources of Immersive Entertainment   Metamall will fuel social and business interaction wrapped in immersive entertainment; Rather than following the traditional way of shopping through a specific retailer’s website, let’s imagine rendezvousing with a friend in a Minecraft- like world to hang out and shop at virtual storefronts. Meeting your date, your clients, or an accountant or lawyer for a consultation in the metaverse at a restaurant. The possibilities are endless.   Exceptional Land  Selling on Metaverse Metamall land sale is live and has already sold $1M worth of land on the Metaverse. Metamall will take on a spaceship design, with different zones — each facilitating a unique kind of experience for its users. And Metamall is all about bringing new VR experiences to your life and providing its users something they can take away as unique, memorable, and excíting.    The Metamall metaverse is designed like a spaceship with different zones, each of which facilitates a unique kind of experience. The spaceship structure allows for a zero-gravity environment, and changing views of different parts of the cosmos on a regular basis. The laws of physics can be changed with the introduction of black holes and faster than light speeds for the entire Metamall Spaceship.    Speaking of zones, All real estate/land in Metamall will be in the form of NFTs, so they can be easily traded with absolute ownership on the blockchain. Let us know about the types of NFTs on the metamall and its use case Sizes of Plots on Metaverse There are a total of 5,714 plots of land available, divided into 5 different sizes. These are  Cube, Cabin, Club, Chalet, and Chateau.  CUBE – This type of NFT land will be going to include all the retail stores, indoor gaming spots, workplaces, or fashion centers.  CABIN – Large single-brand retail stores, experience centers are the best examples for a Cabin space. Imagine being an owner of a cabin or multiple cabins the metamall CLUB – just like its meaning, Club is perfect for large gaming zones, multi-brand retail stores, and social networking zones. CHALET – Here the things are getting bigger and wider, if you are looking for public entertainment places (cinemas), showrooms, display centers, or high-rise brands retail spots, then Chalet is the right choice for you CHATEAU –  and last but not least, the biggest of them all, Chateau is best for several categories of workplaces, places for mega-events, experience centers for cities or countries, embassy networks.  Final Conclusion Metamall is backed by some of the industry’s leading Venture Capital firms and key investors including 316 VC, Brotherhood ventures, CGT Capital, CRT Capital, CCK Ventures, DAO Kondr VC, Crypto Buddy, FishDAO, GDA capital, GTS Ventures, Halvings, HVS ventures, WeeHODL, Mars VC, MHVentures, CYT Blockchain Ventures, Vespertine Capital, WLI Capital, HERD Ventures, GAMI, ALMORA CAPITAL, SEED THRIFT, Blue Chips and MMC Ventures Capital.  One thing is sure, that there is no doubt that metaverse is becoming the next big thing that will swallow every commercial category in it.  Metamall INO is already on LunaPad and StartFi METAMALL is the decentralized Metaverse Mall where users can build wealth by selling, leasing, playing, or staking assets

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Overview of Third Generation Crypto – Cardano

Overview of Third Generation Crypto - Cardano

Cardano is one of the most widely used types of cryptocurrency, a type of digital currency that can only be used online. Cardano was founded in 2015 and first traded publicly in October 2017 for a few pennies per token. The currency is now worth more than $1.20 in January 2022, after having peaked at more than $3 in the previous 52 weeks. It is one of the top ten most valuable cryptocurrencies in total value. Cardano was established by Charles Hoskinson, a co-founder of Ethereum, another renowned cryptocurrency, and it uses blockchain technology to run on a decentralized public ledger. Like an unending receipt, Blockchain administers and monitors the cryptocurrency, documenting, and arranging every transaction that occurs with it. This decentralized mechanism validates transactions, checks their integrity, and aids in the system’s overall stability and error-free operation. In addition, Cardano has a “proof-of-stake” method, in which currency owners are entrusted with verifying transactions in exchange for a reward. This “staking” incentive might be a fun way to get money. What Is the Origin of Third Generation Crypto Cardano Coins? According to CoinMarketCap, there were approximately 33.5 billion ADA in circulation as of January 2022. Therefore, the entire supply of coins is limited to 45 billion. Cardano is similar to Bitcoin in that it has a fixed quantity of 21 million units. And it’s in contrast to Ethereum, which has an endless supply but a limited annual issuance. The proof of stake approach in Cardano lets those who hold the cryptocurrency have an interest in the system’s integrity – validate transactions on the Blockchain. Then, these validators get compensated (in a crypto coin). Stakers, on the other hand, may lose money if validators approve invalid transactions. You can stake your coins with a validator and receive commensurate compensation as a cryptocurrency owner. However, there is usually a cost for this service. What Is the Function of the Cardano Cardano’s platform supports several different features: Cardano is a cryptocurrency that may be sent and received, as well as transferred in exchange for products and services, using a cryptocurrency wallet. Cardano supports smart contracts, which autonomously self-execute when the contract’s criteria are met. Cardano enables people to interact directly and without authorization with other persons or companies, bypassing middlemen such as banks and other financial institutions. Cardano can enable lending, trading, asset management, insurance, and other common financial activities decentralized finance. Cardano RoadMap The Cardano roadmap is a timeline of the cryptocurrency’s evolution, divided into five eras: Byron, Shelley, Goguen, Basho, and Voltaire. Each era is defined by features that will be delivered over several code releases. While the Cardano eras will be delivered in order, the work for each era is done in parallel, with research, prototyping, and development happening simultaneously across the many development streams. Each era’s work is collected and exhibited on its page, signifying years of effort. Here you’ll find a summary of the era’s goals, as well as descriptions of the key functional components, connections to related academic research, status updates, and even real-time code changes. Phases of Cardano Development Cardano is being developed in five stages to be decentralized applications (DApps) development platform with a multi-asset ledger and verified smart contracts. Each of the five phases is referred to as an era and is named after a significant historical figure. The five eras, or phases, are as follows: Foundation (Byron era) Cardano is a third-generation blockchain built from the ground up with research, peer review, and a strict formal development strategy in mind. The tale began in 2015 to address the three major strategic difficulties that all blockchain networks face: scalability, interoperability, and long-term viability. Finally, after two years, thousands of GitHub commits, and hundreds of hours of research, Cardano’s first version was released in September 2017, ushering in the Byron era. Decentralization (Shelley era) Following the Byron era, Cardano’s Shelley era is a period of expansion and development for the network. However, unlike the Byron era, which began when the mainnet was established, the transfer to Shelley is intended to be a seamless, low-risk shift with no service interruptions. The Shelley period covers Cardano’s crucial early moves toward decentralization — which, like any initial step, will be modest but substantial. Smart Contracts (Goguen era) With the addition of smart contracts, the Goguen period marks a significant advancement in Cardano’s capabilities. Whereas the Shelley period decentralizes the system’s core, Goguen builds on Cardano’s robust foundation of peer-reviewed research and high-assurance development to allow users to create decentralized applications (DApps). Scaling (Basho era) The Cardano Basho period is one of optimization, with the network’s scalability and interoperability being improved. Whereas past development eras focused on decentralization and new functionality, Basho is all about enhancing the Cardano network’s actual performance to facilitate growth and acceptance for high-volume applications. … Continued

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