Baƙaƙen ramuka an san su da filaye masu nauyi. Duk abin da yake yawo kusa, ko da haske, za a hadiye shi. Amma sauran rundunonin na iya kasancewa a cikin wasa ma.

A cikin 2021, masana astronomers sun yi amfani da Telescope Event Horizon (EHT) don yin hoton da ba a taɓa gani ba. babban rami mai baki a tsakiyar galaxy M87. Hoton ya nuna wani tsari na muryoyin maganadisu suna zaren al'amarin da ke kewaya abun. M87*, kamar yadda aka sani baƙar fata, yana kusan sau 1,000 girma fiye da babban rami na galaxy namu, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) kuma yana cin abinci daidai da ƴan ranakun kowace shekara. Tare da girman girmansa da sha'awar sa - Sgr A * shine ainihin azumi a yanzu - masana kimiyya sun yi mamakin ko baƙar fata na galaxy ɗinmu zai sami filayen maganadisu kuma.

Yanzu, mun sani.

A cikin hoton farko na Sgr A*, wanda aka fitar tare da takardu biyu da aka buga yau (nan da kuma nan), Masana kimiyya na EHT sun ce baƙar fata yana da filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi daidai da waɗanda aka gani a cikin M87*. Hoton yana nuna guguwa mai zafi (fayil ɗin kayan da ke faɗowa cikin Sgr A*) yana kewaya magudanar ruwa (inuwar baƙar fata) tare da layukan maganadisu da aka saka a ko'ina.

Ya bambanta da hasken da ba a taɓa gani ba, hasken polarized yana fuskantar ta hanya ɗaya kawai. Kamar nau'in tabarau masu inganci guda biyu, yankuna magnetized a cikin sararin samaniya suna ba da haske. Waɗannan hotunan baƙaƙen ramukan biyu don haka za su tsara filayen maganadisu.

Kuma abin mamaki, sun yi kama.

"Tare da samfurin ramukan baƙar fata guda biyu - tare da ɗimbin yawa daban-daban da kuma ƙungiyoyin taurari daban-daban - yana da mahimmanci a ƙayyade abin da suka yarda da rashin jituwa a kai," Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Mataimakin masanin kimiyyar EHT kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Naples Federico II, ya ce a cikin wani latsa saki. "Tunda duka biyun suna nuna mu zuwa ga filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi, yana ba da shawarar cewa wannan na iya zama na duniya kuma watakila ainihin fasalin waɗannan nau'ikan tsarin."

Yin hoton ba aiki ne mai sauƙi ba. Idan aka kwatanta da M87*, wanda faifan sa ya fi girma kuma yana motsawa a hankali, hoton Sgr A* yana kama da ƙoƙarin ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin yaro—kayan sa koyaushe yana motsi, yana kaiwa kusan saurin haske. Dole ne masanan su yi amfani da sabbin kayan aikin ban da waɗanda suka samar da hoton M87* da ba su da tabbacin cewa hoton zai yiwu.

Irin waɗannan abubuwan fasaha suna ɗaukar ƙungiyoyin masana kimiyya da yawa da aka tsara a duk faɗin duniya. Shafuka uku na farko na kowace sabuwar takarda an sadaukar da su ga marubuta da alaƙa. Bugu da kari, EHT da kanta ya mamaye duniya. Masana ilmin taurari sun dinka abubuwan lura da na'urorin hangen nesa guda takwas suka yi a cikin wani na'urar hangen nesa mai girman duniya mai iya magance abubuwa. girman girman donut akan wata kamar yadda ake kallo daga saman duniyarmu.

Ƙungiyar EHT tana shirin yin ƙarin lura-zagaye na gaba don Sgr A* zai fara wata mai zuwa-da kuma ƙara na'urorin hangen nesa a duniya da sararin samaniya don ƙara inganci da faɗin hotuna. Wata fitacciyar tambaya ita ce ko Sgr A* yana da jet na kayan harbi daga sandunansa kamar M87* yayi. Ƙarfin yin fina-finai na black hole daga baya cikin shekaru goma-wanda ya kamata ya zama abin ban mamaki-zai iya warware asirin.

"Muna sa ran filayen maganadisu masu ƙarfi da ba da izini za su kasance masu alaƙa kai tsaye da ƙaddamar da jiragen sama kamar yadda muka lura da M87*," Sara Issaoun, shugabar bincike kuma wata 'yar'uwa a Harvard & Smithsonian's Center for Astrophysics, ya gaya Space.com. "Tunda Sgr A*, ba tare da wani jet da aka lura ba, da alama yana da nau'in lissafi mai kama da juna, watakila akwai kuma jet da ke ɓoye a cikin Sgr A* yana jiran a gani, wanda zai kasance mai ban sha'awa sosai!"

Gano jet, wanda aka ƙara zuwa manyan filayen maganadisu, yana nufin waɗannan fasalulluka na iya zama gama gari ga manyan ramukan baƙar fata a fadin bakan. Ƙara koyo game da fasalulluka da halayensu na iya taimaka wa masana kimiyya su haɗa hoto mai kyau na yadda taurari, gami da Milky Way, faruwa a kan eons tare da bakar ramuka a zukatansu.

Credit Image: Haɗin gwiwar EHT

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• Source: https://singularityhub.com/2024/03/27/now-we-can-see-the-magnetic-maelstrom-around-our-galaxys-supermassive-black-hole/