Adadin ɗaliban Latino waɗanda za su je koleji yana ƙaruwa, kuma ba duka ba su dace da bayanin abin da cibiyoyi za su yi la'akari da sabbin ɗaliban da ke cikin harabar.

Suna da yuwuwar zama ƙarni na farko, suna aiki don tallafa wa kansu da kuma kula da waɗanda suka dogara fiye da sauran ɗaliban kwaleji, a cewar wata jami'a. sabon bincike ta Excelencia in Education. Ƙungiyoyin sa-kai suna bincike da haɓaka manufofi a kusa da Latinos a cikin ilimi mafi girma.

Deborah Santiago, Shugabar kungiyar ta ce "Niyyarmu ta hada wannan tarin ba wai kawai bayyana bayanan dalibanmu ne kawai ba, amma da fatan sanar da kuma tilasta tunani game da abin da za mu iya yi don yi musu hidima da kyau da kuma kara samun digiri," in ji Deborah Santiago, Shugabar kungiyar. kuma co-kafa.

Rayuwar Gaskiya vs Rayuwar Kwalejin

Rabin ɗaliban kwalejin Latino su ne na farko a cikin danginsu don neman digiri na ilimi, ma'ana ba lallai ba ne su dogara ga iyaye don shawara kan kewaya sabon muhallinsu. Iyalan su kuma suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin kuɗin shiga fiye da kowane rukuni in ban da ɗaliban Baƙar fata.

Maimakon kallon waɗannan halayen a matsayin cikas, Santiago ya ce kwalejoji suna da damar samar da "tsararrun bayanai" ga ɗaliban da ke buƙatar taimako fahimtar mahimman abubuwa kamar taimakon kuɗi ko kuma darussan da za su buƙaci kammala karatunsu.

Fiye da rabin ɗaliban Latino an yi rajista ko dai na ɗan lokaci na musamman ko kuma suna da “haɗaɗɗen rajista,” wanda bincike ya bayyana a matsayin tsakanin shiga na ɗan lokaci da na cikakken lokaci, a lokacin shekarar ilimi ta 2019-20.

Wannan na iya kasancewa a wani bangare saboda da yawa kuma suna aiki yayin da suke zuwa kwaleji, ko don samun kuɗin karatunsu ko kuma su tallafa wa kansu. Bisa ga binciken, fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na ɗaliban Latino suna aiki 30 zuwa 39 hours a mako guda, yayin da wani na uku ya yi aiki 40 ko fiye.

Santiago ya ce ɗaliban da ke aiki aƙalla sa’o’i 30 a kowane mako suna iya “ dainawa” kuma su ɗauki lokaci daga makaranta don tara kuɗi da yawa don koyarwa. Ko kuma za su iya zaɓar halartar ɗan lokaci don sa farashin ya fi dacewa.

"Duk waɗannan abubuwa ne da muka sani gabaɗaya na iya iyakance yuwuwar kammalawa," in ji Santiago, yana ƙara da cewa cibiyoyi na iya ba da amsa da dabaru kamar ɗaukar waɗancan ɗaliban kai tsaye a harabar harabar, samar da ƙarin tallafin kuɗi ko samun damar shiga yanar gizo don ayyukan tallafi.

“Idan [dalibi] sun zaɓi zuwa kwaleji, suna da burin ilimi. Ta yaya za mu taimaka musu su sami hakan?” Santiago ya ce. "Kuma ina tsammanin ba ma yin wannan tambayar sosai, domin koyaushe muna cewa, 'Menene ɗalibai suke buƙatar yin fiye da haka? Me kuma suke bukata su canza?' Ina ganin hakan yana da kyau, amma kuma dole ne mu dora alhakin cibiyoyi da masu yanke shawara.”

Auna 'Kudin Dama' na Kwalejin

Yayin da Latinos a duk faɗin hukumar ke samun ƙarin digiri, Latinas sun zarce takwarorinsu maza kuma yanzu suna yin kashi 60 na masu samun digiri na Hispanic.

Wannan ba yana nufin cewa mutanen Hispanic suna raguwa a matakin digiri ba, in ji Santiago, amma bayanan sun kwatanta cinikin da Latinos ya yi la'akari da su yayin da ake yin la'akari da manyan makarantu game da shiga ma'aikata bayan kammala karatun sakandare.

"Idan za ku je makaranta kuma kuna biyan wani don ɗaukar azuzuwan, sabanin yin aiki da samun kuɗi, wannan kuɗin dama ce," in ji Santiago.

Wani matashi dan Hispanic wanda zai iya shiga filin kamar gini kuma nan da nan ya sami $ 25 zuwa $ 30 a kowace awa na iya ganin kyakkyawan dalili na kashe kwalejin, in ji ta, yayin da kwalejin na iya zama mafi kyau ga matasa Latina suna fuskantar albashin matakin shiga na $12 zuwa $15 a kowace awa a wasu fagage.

(Latinos gabaɗaya ya kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ma'aikatan gini a cikin 2020, bisa ga bayanin US Ofishin Labor Statistics, tare da mata gabaɗaya suna 1 cikin 10 ma'aikatan gini. Albashin cikakken lokaci na mako-mako ya kusan dala 1,000 a lokacin, kusan sau hudu fiye da mafi ƙarancin albashi, kuma kusan kashi 56 na ma'aikatan gine-gine suna da takardar shaidar kammala sakandare ko ƙasa da haka. )

Sa'an nan akwai roko ga wasu Latinos na aikin da ke da hannu, Santiago ya bayyana, tare da rashin nuna misali na maza na Hispanic a manyan makarantu, wanda ke tasiri ga yanke shawara game da hanyoyin gaba da sakandare.

Tambayar da ya kamata cibiyoyi suyi la'akari, in ji Santiago, ita ce ta yaya za su iya haɗa ɗaliban da suka nemi digiri bayan sun fara aiki a masana'antu kamar gini.

"Za ku iya samun kuɗi mai yawa a yanzu, amma nan da shekaru biyar, mai yiwuwa za ku iya kaiwa ga iyakar abin da za ku iya samu," in ji ta, ba tare da ma'anar yawan kuɗaɗen jiki na lokaci ba. “To ta yaya kuke daidaita wannan? Shin za ku dawo koleji bayan ku ci gaba da samun kuɗi da haɓaka kanku da ƙwarewa? Ina ganin kawai fahimtar yadda damar ya ɗan bambanta, kuma ta yaya manyan makarantu ke daidaitawa ko daidaitawa da hakan? ”

Taimakawa Motsi na Sama

Wani labari mai kyau daga bincike shine cewa Latinos suna shiga STEM majors a cikin sauri, tare da karuwar kashi 44 cikin 2015 na samun digiri na STEM daga 2020 zuwa XNUMX.

Akwai ƙarin abin da kwalejoji da jami'o'i za su iya yi don taimakawa ɗaliban Latino su shiga ayyukan da ake biyan kuɗi mafi girma, in ji Santiago. Yayin da Latinos ke da mafi girman shigar da karfi na kowace kabila a cikin 2022, sun kuma rike mafi girman kaso na ayyuka masu karancin albashi da mafi karancin kaso na ayyukan gudanarwa da kwararru.

Tare da yawancin ɗaliban Latino kasancewar ƙarni na farko da masu karamin karfi, Santiago ya ce kwalejoji na buƙatar tsarin wasa don ilmantar da waɗannan ɗaliban game da nau'ikan ayyukan yi da albashin digirin su.

"Ina tsammanin kashi na biyu shine yarda da cewa yawancin mu, saboda muna da karancin kudin shiga, muna iya buƙatar fara (kwaleji) kuma mu yi aiki a lokaci guda, don haka muna iya buƙatar samun takaddun shaida," in ji ta. "Damar ci gaba da horarwa maimakon tunanin takardar shaidar ko digiri a matsayin m - amma za a iya ba da shi zuwa mataki na gaba don tafiya daga phlebotomist zuwa LVN zuwa RN? Ta yadda za a sami haske game da hanyoyin ci gaba zuwa fannonin biyan kuɗi mafi girma."

Kuma abu na uku, in ji Santiago, ya rataya kan masu daukar ma'aikata don fadada hanyoyin sadarwar su.

"Sau da yawa, masu daukan ma'aikata suna daukar aiki daga cibiyoyi 20 iri ɗaya," in ji ta. “Akwai Latinos da ke samun Ph.D a injiniyan lantarki. Shin kun yi tunanin daukar ma'aikata daga waɗancan makarantun, ko koyaushe kuna zuwa uku ko huɗu? Don haka a gare ni, akwai dama ga dalibai, ga cibiyoyi, ga masu daukan ma’aikata su taka rawar gani a nan don ingantacciyar hidima.”

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• Source: https://www.edsurge.com/news/2024-04-16-what-can-colleges-do-better-to-help-latino-students-succeed