An rufe kusan shekaru 20 na sabis a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa da kulle jirgin sama, samfurin Pirs na Rasha zai tashi daga tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa ranar Litinin a karkashin wani jirgin ruwa mai ci gaba, yana kan hanyar sake shiga cikin sararin samaniyar duniya don share hanyar isowa. na babban dakin binciken kimiyya daga baya a wannan makon.

Jirgin dakon kaya na Rasha MS-16 zai tashi daga tashar sararin samaniya da karfe 6:56 na safe EDT (1056 GMT) Litinin. Maimakon tashi daga tashar shi kadai, kumbon Progress zai koma baya daga hadaddiyar da tashar jiragen ruwa na Pirs na Rasha, tare da share tashar jiragen ruwa a kan tsarin sabis na Zvezda wanda aka mamaye tun 2001.

An ƙaddamar da samfurin Pirs zuwa tashar sararin samaniya Satumba 14, 2001, a cikin wani roka na Soyuz daga Baikonur Cosmodrome a Kazakhstan. Wani jirgin kumbon da aka gyara na jigilar kaya ya isar da samfurin Pirs zuwa tashar, inda ya ƙare a cikin tashar jirgin ruwa mai fuskantar duniya akan tsarin sabis na Zvezda kwanaki biyu bayan ƙaddamar da shi.

Tun daga wannan lokacin, tsarin na Pirs yana tallafawa da yawa daga cikin sararin samaniyar Rasha kuma ya zama tashar jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa na Soyuz na Rasha da Progress dauke da ma'aikata da kaya zuwa tashar sararin samaniya. Tsarin Poisk na Rasha, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2009 kuma mai kama da ƙira ga Pirs, yana ci gaba da zama a tashar sararin samaniyar da ke daura da tsarin Zvezda don zama maƙiyi na zirga-zirgar sararin samaniya na Rasha a nan gaba.

Mai ɗaukar kaya mai ɗaukar nauyi MS-16 ya zama motar ziyarar ƙarshe da za ta doshi tare da Pirs a cikin Fabrairu. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, masu binciken sararin samaniya Oleg Novitskiy da Pyotr Dubrov sun yunƙura a wajen tashar sararin samaniya don shirya tsarin Pirs don zubarwa. Ayyukan nasu sun haɗa da sake sanya wani abin da aka haɗa zuwa Pirs, da kuma cire igiyoyin eriya masu rendezvous daga tsarin.

Pirs yana auna kusan ƙafa 16 (mita 4.9) tsayi da ƙafa 8.4 (mita 2.55) a diamita a mafi faɗin wurinsa, a cewar NASA.

Tare da kammala waɗannan shirye-shiryen, jami'an Rasha suna jiran ƙaddamar da samfurin da zai maye gurbin Pirs a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Zvezda mai fuskantar duniya.

Lab ɗin kimiyyar Nauka, wani dogon jinkiri na faɗaɗa sashen Rashanci na tashar sararin samaniya, wanda aka kaddamar a ranar Larabar da ta gabata daga Baikonur a cikin roka na Proton. Bayan sun yi aiki ta hanyar matsalolin da suka biyo bayan harba kumbon tare da sabon tsarin tukin kumbo da Kurs suka yi amfani da radar mai sarrafa kansa, masu kula da aikin Rasha a ƙarshe sun kammala aikin farko na orbital tare da manyan injunan Nauka a ƙarshen mako kuma sun tabbatar da cewa tsarin Kurs yana aiki don tashar binciken kimiyya tare da sararin samaniya. tasha.

Yayin da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa suka yi aiki ta waɗannan batutuwa, manajojin Rasha sun jinkirta tashi daga samfurin Pirs daga ranar Juma'a har zuwa Litinin don samun ƙarin haske game da matsayin sabon kumbon Nauka.

An gamsu da tsarin Nauka na kan hanyar zuwa tashar sararin samaniya a ranar Alhamis, kula da manufa a Moscow ya ba da damar rage karfin tsarin docking ɗin da ke haɗa Pirs tare da Zvezda a shirye-shiryen tashi ranar Litinin.

Bayan saukarwa, jirgin Progress MS-16 na ci gaba zai harba masu tuƙi don ɗaukar samfurin Pirs a nisa mai aminci daga tashar sararin samaniya, sannan ya yi ƙonawa da ƙarfe 10:01 na safe EDT (1401 GMT) Litinin. Hakan zai sanya hanyar jirgin na ci gaba, wanda aka loda masa da shara daga tashar sararin samaniya, don fitar da samfurin Pirs zuwa sararin samaniyar duniya don sake shiga cikin kasa da sa'a guda mai lalata.

Hukumar kula da sararin samaniya ta Rasha, Roscosmos, ta ce duk wani tarkacen da ya tsallake rijiya da baya, ana sa ran zai fada wani yanki mai nisa na Kudancin Tekun Pasifik da misalin karfe 10:51 na safe agogon GMT.

Yayin da Pirs ba ya kan hanya, ƙungiyoyin ƙasa suna shirin duba tashar jirgin ruwa da ke fuskantar duniya akan tsarin Zvezda ta hanyar amfani da kyamarori a kan tashar sararin samaniyar da Kanada ta gina. Binciken zai tabbatar da cewa babu tarkace ko cikas a kan hanyar docking, wanda aka yi amfani da shi na ƙarshe don tashar jirgin lokacin da Pirs ya haɗu da tashar a 2001.

Idan ƙungiyoyi sun sami wata matsala, masu binciken sararin samaniya Oleg Novitskiy da Pyotr Dubrov za su iya zuwa wajen tashar sararin samaniya a kan hanyar sararin samaniya daga baya a cikin wannan makon don tsaftace tsarin tashar jirgin ruwa.

An saita tsarin Nauka don haɗi tare da tashar sararin samaniya Alhamis a 9:25 na safe EDT (1325 GMT).

Bayan saukar da na'urar Nauka, 'yan sararin samaniyar Rasha sun tsara jerin hanyoyin zirga-zirgar sararin samaniya har 11 daga baya a wannan shekara da farkon shekara mai zuwa don keɓance sabon kayan aikin bincike na waje.

Da zarar an gama aiki, Nauka zai ɗauki jigilar jiragen ruwa na ci gaba, ma'aikatan jirgin Soyuz, da sabon tsarin node na Prichal na Rasha daga baya a wannan shekara.

A cikin Nauka, sararin samaniya na Rasha za su girka da kunna gwaje-gwajen kimiyya, shirya sabon tsarin samar da iskar oxygen don aiki, kafa sabon bayan gida, da kuma shirya sabon ɗakin kwana ga ƙarin ma'aikatan jirgin na Rasha a tashar sararin samaniya.

Module na Nauka, wanda kuma ake kira Multipurpose Laboratory Module, yana ɗauke da robotic Arm na Turai, wanda aka kammala shekaru 15 da suka gabata don jiran damar tashi zuwa tashar sararin samaniya.

A metric tons 20.2 (fam 44,500), tsarin Nauka ya fi sau biyar yawan adadin tashar jirgin ruwa na Pirs. Nauka ya kara kusan ƙafa 43 (mita 13) tsayi, wanda zai sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan kayayyaki a tashar sararin samaniya ta ƙasa da ƙasa.

Shirin binciken Nauka mai girman bas ya shafe fiye da shekaru 20 ana ci gaba da shi, tun da farko a matsayin madadin na'urar Zarya ta kasar Rasha, kashi na farko na tashar sararin samaniya da aka fara harbawa a shekarar 1998. Rasha ta ce a shekarar 2004 za a canza wurin ajiyar zuwa Zarya. a cikin Lab module don ƙaddamarwa a cikin 2007.

Amma jinkiri ya sa dakin binciken na Rasha ya kasance a kasa tsawon shekaru. Injiniyoyi a Energia, babban ɗan kwangilar shirin jirgin ɗan adam na Rasha, ya gano kurakurai a cikin tsarin motsa na'urar a cikin 2013. An mayar da na'urar zuwa Khrunichev, wanda ya kera ta, don gyare-gyare mai tsawo wanda ya jinkirta harba Nauka shekaru da yawa.

Nauka shine na'ura ta farko da aka matsa lamba don ƙarawa zuwa tashar sararin samaniya tun zuwan ƙaramin Bigelow Expandable Activity Module a cikin 2016. Ƙarshe na ƙarshe na Rashanci na kowane girman da aka harba zuwa tashar sararin samaniya shine Rassvet docking module, wanda aka isar da shi ta hanyar jirgin ruwa. Jirgin sama na NASA a cikin 2010.

Emel marubucin.

Bi Stephen Clark akan Twitter: @ Salisu1.

PlatoAi. Shafin yanar gizo3. Plarfafa Sirrin Bayanai.
Danna nan don samun dama.

Source: https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/07/26/pirs-undocking-and-disposal/