Mutane da yawa, lokacin da suka ji kalmar “haɓaka iskar gas,” wataƙila suna tunanin iskar gas guda ɗaya musamman: carbon monoxide. Duk da haka, akwai wani iskar gas wanda ya fi CO2 ƙarfi: methane. Methane ya fi tasiri sau 34 wajen haifar da ɗumamar duniya fiye da carbon dioxide - amma duk da haka, muna ba da damar yawan adadinsa a cikin yanayinmu kowace rana, ta hanyar aiki mai sauƙi: watsar da kwayoyin halitta.
Duk wani nau'in halitta - daga tarkacen abinci zuwa sharar dabbobi zuwa kayan itace - idan an saka shi a cikin wani wuri, yana rube kuma ya haifar da methane. Zubar da biomass a cikin wuraren sharar ƙasa, kamar yadda muke yi a yanzu, yana sakin methane kai tsaye zuwa sararin samaniya, yana ƙara ɗumamar yanayi sau 34. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci don hana biomass shiga cikin wuraren shara.
Maimakon jefa biomass a cikin wuraren da ake zubar da ƙasa, ana iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar tushen mai mai sabuntawa, ta hanyar da ake kira narkewar anaerobic. Narkewar anaerobic yana canza biomaterial zuwa gas biogas, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don sarrafa janareta, motoci, injina - duk abin da zaku iya amfani da iskar gas, kuna iya aiki akan gas. Domin kuwa iskar gas tana kama da man da muke kira iskar gas; amma, maimakon zuwa daga burbushin mai mai zurfi a cikin ƙasa, yana fitowa ne daga sake yin amfani da kwayoyin halitta don haka ana iya sabuntawa.
Kamar iskar gas, biogas ya ƙunshi methane da yawa. "Amma jira," za ku iya cewa, "shin methane ba shi da kyau? Ba za ku guje wa kona methane ba, duk inda ya fito? A ƙarshe, a, muna so mu isa wurin da ba za mu ƙone wani mai da ke sakin iskar gas a cikin yanayi ba. Duk da haka, lokacin da methane ya ƙone, shi ne nau'in man fetur mafi tsabta idan aka kwatanta da gawayi, man fetur, dizal ko man fetur. Haƙiƙa ya fi cutarwa don sakin methane a cikin yanayi - yadda zai kasance idan an jefar da wannan biomass a cikin rumbun ƙasa - fiye da idan muka ƙone shi, ba kamar kwal, mai, dizal ko man fetur ba.
Idan za ku ba ni damar samun fasaha na ɗan lokaci, ga lissafin don nuna bambanci tsakanin kona methane (a cikin nau'in iskar gas ko biogas) da sake shi cikin yanayi:
Mafi yawan hayakin da ke fitowa daga kona halitta ko gas (methane) shine CO2. A ce murhuwar iskar gas ta yi amfani da makamashi 1,000,000 BTU na makamashi (Birtaniya Thermal Unit, naúrar ma'auni don makamashi), zai haifar da 117 fam na CO2.
Kafa ɗaya mai cubic na iskar gas ya ƙunshi 1,037 BTU na abun ciki na zafi. Tsarin ƙididdiga nawa cubic ƙafa na gas ɗin da ake amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar BTU miliyan 1 na makamashi shine: Cubic Feet = BTU/1037 ko 964 cubic feet = 1,000,000/1037. A wasu kalmomi, yana ɗaukar ƙafar cubic 964 na kona iskar gas/methane don ƙirƙirar 117 fam na CO2.
Tun da methane ya fi ƙarfin sau 34 wajen haifar da ɗumamar yanayi, daidai da CO2 zuwa methane shine 117 lbs. CO2 x 34 = 3,978 lbs. CO2.
A ƙarshe, kona ƙafafu 964 na iskar gas a cikin murhu zuwa BTU miliyan 1 zai fitar da fam 117 na CO2 zuwa sararin samaniya. Sakin ƙafar cubic 964 na iskar gas/methane cikin yanayi zai yi daidai da sakin 3,978 lbs. CO2 cikin yanayi.
Lissafi a bayyane yake: Kona methane, ko da yake yana haifar da CO2, ya fi kyau ga yanayin fiye da sakin shi kai tsaye a cikin yanayi.
A haƙiƙanin gaskiya, bambanci tsakanin tasirin methane da CO2 a sararin samaniya yana da girma wanda har masana suka ba da shawarar canza methane zuwa CO2 a matsayin hanyar yaƙi da sauyin yanayi. A cikin 2019, gungun masana yanayi da sunadarai sun yi iƙirarin cewa "kamun methane na yanayi da canza shi zuwa carbon dioxide mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, ta amfani da kayan musamman da abubuwan haɓaka sinadarai, na iya zama hanya ɗaya ta rage ɗumamar yuwuwar iskar gas a cikin iska." Da zarar methane ya canza zuwa CO2, za a sake sake shi cikin yanayi. Duk da yake wannan "yana nufin ƙarin CO2 yana ƙarewa a cikin iska, saboda yana ɗaukar matsayin iskar iskar gas mai ƙarfi, tasirin nan da nan shine rage ci gaban ɗumamar duniya."
Methane da aka samar daga burbushin man fetur ko biomass koyaushe zai kasance tare da mu a matsayin tushen makamashin thermal domin yana da kyau yanayin ya ƙone shi da ya sake shi cikin yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, samar da wutar lantarki daga burbushin mai yana da inganci kawai kashi 33%. Modulating, condensing propane tukunyar jirgi na amfani da matsayin madadin zuwa sabunta thermal makamashi kafofin a cikin gidan mu ne 99% m.
Shirina shine in maye gurbin propane a cikin tukunyar jirgi na da gas don cimma burin zama mara amfani da burbushin mai. Daga yanayin muhalli ko yanayin canjin yanayi, ba zai haifar da bambanci ba tunda duka methane ne. Koyaya, yin amfani da tushen sabuntawa don methane maimakon tushen burbushin mai ta hanyar karkatar da biomass daga wurin shara zai hana wannan biomass sakin methane kai tsaye zuwa sararin samaniya. Maimakon haka, wannan biomass zai haifar da methane mai sabuntawa don ƙonewa, tare da sakamakon gaba ɗaya na rage hayaki mai zafi da kuma taimakawa wajen rage dumamar yanayi.
Mafi ƙarancin 'ya'yan itacen da ke ratayewa don rage hayakin iskar gas daga albarkatun mai shine gawayi, mai, dizal da kuma mai. Wannan shi ne abin da ya kamata mu mai da hankali a kai, maimakon murkushe iskar gas, propane ko gas, man da aka yi da methane. Babban kuskure ne a hana murhun gas ko duk wani kayan aikin iskar gas. Yana da kyau a yanayin canjin yanayi don ƙone iskar gas / methane fiye da sake shi cikin yanayi.
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- Source: https://frankdalene.com/climate-change-conversations-the-methane-equation/
